was an art historian and major advocate of iconography. As professor at the newly found Hamburg University, he got involved with the intellectual circle of Fritz Saxl, Aby Warburg, and the philosopher and art theorist Ernst Cassier, centred around the Warburg's Institute. After the Nazis' assumption of power he was deprived of his academic positions and decided on permanently emigrating to the United States in 1934. He was to teach at New York University and later became professor of the School of Historical Studies of the newly founded Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, a private research centre near Princeton University. Panofsky has been described as the »ur-iconologist«, yet the diversity of his methodology is difficult to summarize. He started from being a scholar of medieval and northern Renaissance art, but succeeded the conventional approach of analysis by matching the artwork’s subject matter to a symbolic iconology of meaning, which he drew from literature and other art works. Art historians around the world subsequently acknowledged his findings as a groundbreaking new approach on art history.